diff --git a/python-multiplatform-ksp/fixtures/app/src/commonMain/kotlin/RootPackageDeclarations.kt b/python-multiplatform-ksp/fixtures/app/src/commonMain/kotlin/RootPackageDeclarations.kt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..700f762fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python-multiplatform-ksp/fixtures/app/src/commonMain/kotlin/RootPackageDeclarations.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+// No `package` line on purpose (issue #319): a root-package declaration cannot be named from the
+// generated fragments, so the processor skips it with a warning instead of breaking this build.
+
+fun rootPackageProbe(): Int = 7
+
+class RootPackageThing
diff --git a/python-multiplatform-ksp/fixtures/app/src/desktopTest/kotlin/fixture/app/RootPackageSkipTest.kt b/python-multiplatform-ksp/fixtures/app/src/desktopTest/kotlin/fixture/app/RootPackageSkipTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..60fa1776a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python-multiplatform-ksp/fixtures/app/src/desktopTest/kotlin/fixture/app/RootPackageSkipTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package fixture.app
+
+import python.multiplatform.generated.FunctionTable
+import kotlin.test.Test
+import kotlin.test.assertTrue
+
+/**
+ * Issue #319: `RootPackageDeclarations.kt` has no package. Before the fix the processor emitted an
+ * unqualified `rootPackageProbe()` call inside `python.multiplatform.generated.fragments`, and this
+ * module did not compile. Now the root-package declarations are skipped (with a KSP warning), the
+ * module compiles, and neither appears in the generated table.
+ */
+class RootPackageSkipTest {
+
+    @Test
+    fun rootPackageDeclarationsAreNotInTheTable() {
+        val names = FunctionTable.fragments.flatMap { fragment -> fragment.entries().map { it.name } + fragment.classes().map { it.toString() } }
+        assertTrue(names.isNotEmpty(), "the table is empty, so this asserts nothing")
+        val leaked = names.filter { it == "rootPackageProbe" || it.startsWith("RootPackageThing") || it.endsWith(".rootPackageProbe") }
+        assertTrue(leaked.isEmpty(), "root-package declarations reached the table: $leaked")
+    }
+}
diff --git a/python-multiplatform-ksp/src/main/kotlin/python/multiplatform/ksp/FragmentScanner.kt b/python-multiplatform-ksp/src/main/kotlin/python/multiplatform/ksp/FragmentScanner.kt
index bdc559d52..e84b23fdb 100644
--- a/python-multiplatform-ksp/src/main/kotlin/python/multiplatform/ksp/FragmentScanner.kt
+++ b/python-multiplatform-ksp/src/main/kotlin/python/multiplatform/ksp/FragmentScanner.kt
@@ -91,6 +91,20 @@ class FragmentScanner(private val excludePackages: List<String>, private val log
         val classes = mutableListOf<ClassModel>()
 
         files.flatMap { it.declarations }.forEach { declaration ->
+            // Issue #319: Kotlin cannot name a root-package declaration from a named package, and
+            // every generated fragment and table lives in one, so a binding could only ever be an
+            // unresolved reference. Skipped with a warning instead of breaking the consumer's build.
+            if (declaration.packageName.asString().isEmpty()) {
+                if (declaration is KSFunctionDeclaration || declaration is KSPropertyDeclaration || declaration is KSClassDeclaration) {
+                    logger.warn(
+                        "python-multiplatform-ksp: ${declaration.simpleName.asString()} is in the root package " +
+                            "and is not exposed to Python (generated code in a named package cannot refer to it); " +
+                            "give its file a `package` declaration to expose it.",
+                        declaration,
+                    )
+                }
+                return@forEach
+            }
             when (declaration) {
                 is KSFunctionDeclaration ->
                     if (BindingPolicy.isExposedTopLevelFunction(declaration, excludePackages) &&