diff --git a/include/sound/hda_codec.h b/include/sound/hda_codec.h
index 5497dc9c396a5a..2ffefcfe06aa2d 100644
--- a/include/sound/hda_codec.h
+++ b/include/sound/hda_codec.h
@@ -141,6 +141,7 @@ struct hda_pcm_stream {
 	hda_nid_t nid;	/* default NID to query rates/formats/bps, or set up */
 	u32 rates;	/* supported rates */
 	u64 formats;	/* supported formats (SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_) */
+	u64 subformats;	/* supported subformats (SNDRV_PCM_SUBFMTBIT_) */
 	unsigned int maxbps;	/* supported max. bit per sample */
 	const struct snd_pcm_chmap_elem *chmap; /* chmap to override */
 	struct hda_pcm_ops ops;
@@ -448,8 +449,8 @@ void __snd_hda_codec_cleanup_stream(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
 #define snd_hda_codec_cleanup_stream(codec, nid) \
 	__snd_hda_codec_cleanup_stream(codec, nid, 0)
 
-#define snd_hda_query_supported_pcm(codec, nid, ratesp, fmtsp, bpsp) \
-	snd_hdac_query_supported_pcm(&(codec)->core, nid, ratesp, fmtsp, bpsp)
+#define snd_hda_query_supported_pcm(codec, nid, ratesp, fmtsp, subfmtp, bpsp) \
+	snd_hdac_query_supported_pcm(&(codec)->core, nid, ratesp, fmtsp, subfmtp, bpsp)
 #define snd_hda_is_supported_format(codec, nid, fmt) \
 	snd_hdac_is_supported_format(&(codec)->core, nid, fmt)
 
diff --git a/include/sound/hdaudio.h b/include/sound/hdaudio.h
index 32c59053b48edc..24d689b95cac7f 100644
--- a/include/sound/hdaudio.h
+++ b/include/sound/hdaudio.h
@@ -140,13 +140,13 @@ int snd_hdac_get_connections(struct hdac_device *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
 			     hda_nid_t *conn_list, int max_conns);
 int snd_hdac_get_sub_nodes(struct hdac_device *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
 			   hda_nid_t *start_id);
-unsigned int snd_hdac_calc_stream_format(unsigned int rate,
-					 unsigned int channels,
-					 snd_pcm_format_t format,
-					 unsigned int maxbps,
-					 unsigned short spdif_ctls);
+unsigned int snd_hdac_stream_format_bps(snd_pcm_format_t format, snd_pcm_subformat_t subformat,
+					unsigned int maxbps);
+unsigned int snd_hdac_stream_format(unsigned int channels, unsigned int bps, unsigned int rate);
+unsigned int snd_hdac_spdif_stream_format(unsigned int channels, unsigned int bps,
+					  unsigned int rate, unsigned short spdif_ctls);
 int snd_hdac_query_supported_pcm(struct hdac_device *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
-				u32 *ratesp, u64 *formatsp, unsigned int *bpsp);
+				 u32 *ratesp, u64 *formatsp, u64 *subformatsp, unsigned int *bpsp);
 bool snd_hdac_is_supported_format(struct hdac_device *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
 				  unsigned int format);
 
diff --git a/include/sound/pcm.h b/include/sound/pcm.h
index 19f564606ac42e..f78441ff9d8548 100644
--- a/include/sound/pcm.h
+++ b/include/sound/pcm.h
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 struct snd_pcm_hardware {
 	unsigned int info;		/* SNDRV_PCM_INFO_* */
 	u64 formats;			/* SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_* */
+	u64 subformats;			/* SNDRV_PCM_SUBFMTBIT_* */
 	unsigned int rates;		/* SNDRV_PCM_RATE_* */
 	unsigned int rate_min;		/* min rate */
 	unsigned int rate_max;		/* max rate */
@@ -219,6 +220,12 @@ struct snd_pcm_ops {
 #define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U20		SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U20_BE
 #endif
 
+#define _SNDRV_PCM_SUBFMTBIT(fmt)	BIT((__force int)SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_##fmt)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_SUBFMTBIT_STD		_SNDRV_PCM_SUBFMTBIT(STD)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_SUBFMTBIT_MSBITS_20	_SNDRV_PCM_SUBFMTBIT(MSBITS_20)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_SUBFMTBIT_MSBITS_24	_SNDRV_PCM_SUBFMTBIT(MSBITS_24)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_SUBFMTBIT_MSBITS_32	_SNDRV_PCM_SUBFMTBIT(MSBITS_32)
+
 struct snd_pcm_file {
 	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
 	int no_compat_mmap;
@@ -1130,6 +1137,7 @@ int snd_pcm_format_physical_width(snd_pcm_format_t format);		/* in bits */
 ssize_t snd_pcm_format_size(snd_pcm_format_t format, size_t samples);
 const unsigned char *snd_pcm_format_silence_64(snd_pcm_format_t format);
 int snd_pcm_format_set_silence(snd_pcm_format_t format, void *buf, unsigned int frames);
+int snd_pcm_subformat_width(snd_pcm_subformat_t subformat);
 
 void snd_pcm_set_ops(struct snd_pcm * pcm, int direction,
 		     const struct snd_pcm_ops *ops);
diff --git a/include/sound/pcm_params.h b/include/sound/pcm_params.h
index ba184f49f7e18c..df17c7d3e853d7 100644
--- a/include/sound/pcm_params.h
+++ b/include/sound/pcm_params.h
@@ -362,6 +362,8 @@ static inline int params_physical_width(const struct snd_pcm_hw_params *p)
 	return snd_pcm_format_physical_width(params_format(p));
 }
 
+int snd_pcm_hw_params_bps(const struct snd_pcm_hw_params *p);
+
 static inline void
 params_set_format(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *p, snd_pcm_format_t fmt)
 {
diff --git a/include/sound/soc.h b/include/sound/soc.h
index fa2337a3cf4c77..05148d4ed0fd0d 100644
--- a/include/sound/soc.h
+++ b/include/sound/soc.h
@@ -619,6 +619,7 @@ enum snd_soc_trigger_order {
 struct snd_soc_pcm_stream {
 	const char *stream_name;
 	u64 formats;			/* SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_* */
+	u64 subformats;			/* SNDRV_PCM_SUBFMTBIT_* */
 	unsigned int rates;		/* SNDRV_PCM_RATE_* */
 	unsigned int rate_min;		/* min rate */
 	unsigned int rate_max;		/* max rate */
diff --git a/include/uapi/sound/asound.h b/include/uapi/sound/asound.h
index f9939da4112272..30a43541ed003f 100644
--- a/include/uapi/sound/asound.h
+++ b/include/uapi/sound/asound.h
@@ -267,7 +267,10 @@ typedef int __bitwise snd_pcm_format_t;
 
 typedef int __bitwise snd_pcm_subformat_t;
 #define	SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_STD		((__force snd_pcm_subformat_t) 0)
-#define	SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_LAST	SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_STD
+#define	SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_MSBITS_20	((__force snd_pcm_subformat_t) 1)
+#define	SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_MSBITS_24	((__force snd_pcm_subformat_t) 2)
+#define	SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_MSBITS_32	((__force snd_pcm_subformat_t) 3)
+#define	SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_LAST	SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_MSBITS_32
 
 #define SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP		0x00000001	/* hardware supports mmap */
 #define SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID	0x00000002	/* period data are valid during transfer */
diff --git a/sound/core/pcm.c b/sound/core/pcm.c
index 1c0bb3a07bff7f..643afe1fa28b8f 100644
--- a/sound/core/pcm.c
+++ b/sound/core/pcm.c
@@ -265,6 +265,9 @@ static const char * const snd_pcm_access_names[] = {
 
 static const char * const snd_pcm_subformat_names[] = {
 	SUBFORMAT(STD), 
+	SUBFORMAT(MSBITS_20),
+	SUBFORMAT(MSBITS_24),
+	SUBFORMAT(MSBITS_32),
 };
 
 static const char * const snd_pcm_tstamp_mode_names[] = {
diff --git a/sound/core/pcm_lib.c b/sound/core/pcm_lib.c
index 9c121a921b04a6..ed7e3dc6b529a4 100644
--- a/sound/core/pcm_lib.c
+++ b/sound/core/pcm_lib.c
@@ -1706,6 +1706,36 @@ int snd_pcm_hw_param_last(struct snd_pcm_substream *pcm,
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_param_last);
 
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_hw_params_bps - Get the number of bits per the sample.
+ * @p: hardware parameters
+ *
+ * Return: The number of bits per sample based on the format,
+ * subformat and msbits the specified hw params has.
+ */
+int snd_pcm_hw_params_bps(const struct snd_pcm_hw_params *p)
+{
+	snd_pcm_subformat_t subformat = params_subformat(p);
+	snd_pcm_format_t format = params_format(p);
+	int width;
+
+	switch (format) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S32_LE:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_U32_LE:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S32_BE:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_U32_BE:
+		width = snd_pcm_subformat_width(subformat);
+		if (width)
+			return width;
+		if (p->msbits)
+			return (int)p->msbits;
+		fallthrough;
+	default:
+		return snd_pcm_format_width(format);
+	}
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_hw_params_bps);
+
 static int snd_pcm_lib_ioctl_reset(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 				   void *arg)
 {
diff --git a/sound/core/pcm_misc.c b/sound/core/pcm_misc.c
index 5588b6a1ee8bd0..127bb36fd2e4c5 100644
--- a/sound/core/pcm_misc.c
+++ b/sound/core/pcm_misc.c
@@ -482,6 +482,29 @@ int snd_pcm_format_set_silence(snd_pcm_format_t format, void *data, unsigned int
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_format_set_silence);
 
+/**
+ * snd_pcm_subformat_width - return the bit-width of the subformat
+ * @subformat: the subformat to check
+ *
+ * Return: The bit-width of the subformat, or a negative error code
+ * otherwise.
+ */
+int snd_pcm_subformat_width(snd_pcm_subformat_t subformat)
+{
+	switch (subformat) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_MSBITS_20:
+		return 20;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_MSBITS_24:
+		return 24;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_MSBITS_32:
+		return 32;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_STD:
+	default:
+		return 0;
+	}
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_subformat_width);
+
 /**
  * snd_pcm_hw_limit_rates - determine rate_min/rate_max fields
  * @hw: the pcm hw instance
diff --git a/sound/core/pcm_native.c b/sound/core/pcm_native.c
index 95fc56e403b157..01f2879ff8e2b9 100644
--- a/sound/core/pcm_native.c
+++ b/sound/core/pcm_native.c
@@ -2614,6 +2614,8 @@ static int snd_pcm_hw_constraints_complete(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	int err;
 	unsigned int mask = 0;
 
+	/* All PCMs support at least the default STD subformat. */
+	hw->subformats |= PARAM_MASK_BIT(SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_STD);
         if (hw->info & SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED)
 		mask |= PARAM_MASK_BIT(SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED);
         if (hw->info & SNDRV_PCM_INFO_NONINTERLEAVED)
@@ -2634,8 +2636,7 @@ static int snd_pcm_hw_constraints_complete(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_mask(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_SUBFORMAT,
-					 PARAM_MASK_BIT(SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_STD));
+	err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_mask(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_SUBFORMAT, hw->subformats);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
diff --git a/sound/hda/hdac_device.c b/sound/hda/hdac_device.c
index bbf7bcdb449a8b..612d780d69f4e6 100644
--- a/sound/hda/hdac_device.c
+++ b/sound/hda/hdac_device.c
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include <sound/hdaudio.h>
 #include <sound/hda_regmap.h>
 #include <sound/pcm.h>
+#include <sound/pcm_params.h>
 #include "local.h"
 
 static void setup_fg_nodes(struct hdac_device *codec);
@@ -725,32 +726,77 @@ static const struct hda_rate_tbl rate_bits[] = {
 	{ 0 } /* terminator */
 };
 
+static snd_pcm_format_t snd_hdac_format_normalize(snd_pcm_format_t format)
+{
+	switch (format) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S20_LE:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S24_LE:
+		return SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S32_LE;
+
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_U20_LE:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_U24_LE:
+		return SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_U32_LE;
+
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S20_BE:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S24_BE:
+		return SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S32_BE;
+
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_U20_BE:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_U24_BE:
+		return SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_U32_BE;
+
+	default:
+		return format;
+	}
+}
+
 /**
- * snd_hdac_calc_stream_format - calculate the format bitset
- * @rate: the sample rate
- * @channels: the number of channels
- * @format: the PCM format (SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_XXX)
- * @maxbps: the max. bps
- * @spdif_ctls: HD-audio SPDIF status bits (0 if irrelevant)
+ * snd_hdac_stream_format_bps - obtain bits per sample value.
+ * @format:	the PCM format.
+ * @subformat:	the PCM subformat.
+ * @maxbps:	the maximum bits per sample.
  *
- * Calculate the format bitset from the given rate, channels and th PCM format.
+ * Return: The number of bits per sample.
+ */
+unsigned int snd_hdac_stream_format_bps(snd_pcm_format_t format, snd_pcm_subformat_t subformat,
+					unsigned int maxbps)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_hw_params params;
+	unsigned int bps;
+
+	memset(&params, 0, sizeof(params));
+
+	params_set_format(&params, snd_hdac_format_normalize(format));
+	snd_mask_set(hw_param_mask(&params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_SUBFORMAT),
+		     (__force unsigned int)subformat);
+
+	bps = snd_pcm_hw_params_bps(&params);
+	if (maxbps)
+		return min(bps, maxbps);
+	return bps;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hdac_stream_format_bps);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hdac_stream_format - convert format parameters to SDxFMT value.
+ * @channels:	the number of channels.
+ * @bps:	bits per sample.
+ * @rate:	the sample rate.
  *
- * Return zero if invalid.
+ * Return: The format bitset or zero if invalid.
  */
-unsigned int snd_hdac_calc_stream_format(unsigned int rate,
-					 unsigned int channels,
-					 snd_pcm_format_t format,
-					 unsigned int maxbps,
-					 unsigned short spdif_ctls)
+unsigned int snd_hdac_stream_format(unsigned int channels, unsigned int bps, unsigned int rate)
 {
-	int i;
 	unsigned int val = 0;
+	int i;
 
-	for (i = 0; rate_bits[i].hz; i++)
+	for (i = 0; rate_bits[i].hz; i++) {
 		if (rate_bits[i].hz == rate) {
 			val = rate_bits[i].hda_fmt;
 			break;
 		}
+	}
+
 	if (!rate_bits[i].hz)
 		return 0;
 
@@ -758,7 +804,7 @@ unsigned int snd_hdac_calc_stream_format(unsigned int rate,
 		return 0;
 	val |= channels - 1;
 
-	switch (snd_pcm_format_width(format)) {
+	switch (bps) {
 	case 8:
 		val |= AC_FMT_BITS_8;
 		break;
@@ -766,25 +812,42 @@ unsigned int snd_hdac_calc_stream_format(unsigned int rate,
 		val |= AC_FMT_BITS_16;
 		break;
 	case 20:
+		val |= AC_FMT_BITS_20;
+		break;
 	case 24:
+		val |= AC_FMT_BITS_24;
+		break;
 	case 32:
-		if (maxbps >= 32 || format == SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT_LE)
-			val |= AC_FMT_BITS_32;
-		else if (maxbps >= 24)
-			val |= AC_FMT_BITS_24;
-		else
-			val |= AC_FMT_BITS_20;
+		val |= AC_FMT_BITS_32;
 		break;
 	default:
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	if (spdif_ctls & AC_DIG1_NONAUDIO)
+	return val;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hdac_stream_format);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hdac_spdif_stream_format - convert format parameters to SDxFMT value.
+ * @channels:	the number of channels.
+ * @bps:	bits per sample.
+ * @rate:	the sample rate.
+ * @spdif_ctls:	HD-audio SPDIF status bits (0 if irrelevant).
+ *
+ * Return: The format bitset or zero if invalid.
+ */
+unsigned int snd_hdac_spdif_stream_format(unsigned int channels, unsigned int bps,
+					  unsigned int rate, unsigned short spdif_ctls)
+{
+	unsigned int val = snd_hdac_stream_format(channels, bps, rate);
+
+	if (val && spdif_ctls & AC_DIG1_NONAUDIO)
 		val |= AC_FMT_TYPE_NON_PCM;
 
 	return val;
 }
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hdac_calc_stream_format);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hdac_spdif_stream_format);
 
 static unsigned int query_pcm_param(struct hdac_device *codec, hda_nid_t nid)
 {
@@ -817,15 +880,16 @@ static unsigned int query_stream_param(struct hdac_device *codec, hda_nid_t nid)
  * @nid: NID to query
  * @ratesp: the pointer to store the detected rate bitflags
  * @formatsp: the pointer to store the detected formats
+ * @subformatsp: the pointer to store the detected subformats
  * @bpsp: the pointer to store the detected format widths
  *
- * Queries the supported PCM rates and formats.  The NULL @ratesp, @formatsp
- * or @bsps argument is ignored.
+ * Queries the supported PCM rates and formats.  The NULL @ratesp, @formatsp,
+ * @subformatsp or @bpsp argument is ignored.
  *
  * Returns 0 if successful, otherwise a negative error code.
  */
 int snd_hdac_query_supported_pcm(struct hdac_device *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
-				 u32 *ratesp, u64 *formatsp, unsigned int *bpsp)
+				 u32 *ratesp, u64 *formatsp, u64 *subformatsp, unsigned int *bpsp)
 {
 	unsigned int i, val, wcaps;
 
@@ -848,8 +912,9 @@ int snd_hdac_query_supported_pcm(struct hdac_device *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
 		*ratesp = rates;
 	}
 
-	if (formatsp || bpsp) {
+	if (formatsp || subformatsp || bpsp) {
 		u64 formats = 0;
+		u64 subformats = 0;
 		unsigned int streams, bps;
 
 		streams = query_stream_param(codec, nid);
@@ -866,24 +931,24 @@ int snd_hdac_query_supported_pcm(struct hdac_device *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
 				formats |= SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE;
 				bps = 16;
 			}
-			if (wcaps & AC_WCAP_DIGITAL) {
-				if (val & AC_SUPPCM_BITS_32)
+			if (val & AC_SUPPCM_BITS_20) {
+				formats |= SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE;
+				subformats |= SNDRV_PCM_SUBFMTBIT_MSBITS_20;
+				bps = 20;
+			}
+			if (val & AC_SUPPCM_BITS_24) {
+				formats |= SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE;
+				subformats |= SNDRV_PCM_SUBFMTBIT_MSBITS_24;
+				bps = 24;
+			}
+			if (val & AC_SUPPCM_BITS_32) {
+				subformats |= SNDRV_PCM_SUBFMTBIT_MSBITS_32;
+				if (wcaps & AC_WCAP_DIGITAL) {
 					formats |= SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_IEC958_SUBFRAME_LE;
-				if (val & (AC_SUPPCM_BITS_20|AC_SUPPCM_BITS_24))
+				} else {
 					formats |= SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE;
-				if (val & AC_SUPPCM_BITS_24)
-					bps = 24;
-				else if (val & AC_SUPPCM_BITS_20)
-					bps = 20;
-			} else if (val & (AC_SUPPCM_BITS_20|AC_SUPPCM_BITS_24|
-					  AC_SUPPCM_BITS_32)) {
-				formats |= SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE;
-				if (val & AC_SUPPCM_BITS_32)
 					bps = 32;
-				else if (val & AC_SUPPCM_BITS_24)
-					bps = 24;
-				else if (val & AC_SUPPCM_BITS_20)
-					bps = 20;
+				}
 			}
 		}
 #if 0 /* FIXME: CS4206 doesn't work, which is the only codec supporting float */
@@ -911,6 +976,8 @@ int snd_hdac_query_supported_pcm(struct hdac_device *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
 		}
 		if (formatsp)
 			*formatsp = formats;
+		if (subformatsp)
+			*subformatsp = subformats;
 		if (bpsp)
 			*bpsp = bps;
 	}
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_codec.c b/sound/pci/hda/hda_codec.c
index 33af707a65ab11..ab160b7ddd2eb4 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_codec.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_codec.c
@@ -3163,6 +3163,7 @@ static int set_pcm_default_values(struct hda_codec *codec,
 		err = snd_hda_query_supported_pcm(codec, info->nid,
 				info->rates ? NULL : &info->rates,
 				info->formats ? NULL : &info->formats,
+				info->subformats ? NULL : &info->subformats,
 				info->maxbps ? NULL : &info->maxbps);
 		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
@@ -3757,6 +3758,7 @@ int snd_hda_multi_out_analog_open(struct hda_codec *codec,
 			snd_hda_query_supported_pcm(codec, mout->dig_out_nid,
 						    &mout->spdif_rates,
 						    &mout->spdif_formats,
+						    NULL,
 						    &mout->spdif_maxbps);
 		}
 		mutex_lock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_controller.c b/sound/pci/hda/hda_controller.c
index 406779625fb593..0646ef0afd4901 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_controller.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_controller.c
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ static int azx_pcm_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	struct azx_dev *azx_dev = get_azx_dev(substream);
 	struct hda_pcm_stream *hinfo = to_hda_pcm_stream(substream);
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	unsigned int format_val, stream_tag;
+	unsigned int format_val, stream_tag, bps;
 	int err;
 	struct hda_spdif_out *spdif =
 		snd_hda_spdif_out_of_nid(apcm->codec, hinfo->nid);
@@ -165,11 +165,9 @@ static int azx_pcm_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	}
 
 	snd_hdac_stream_reset(azx_stream(azx_dev));
-	format_val = snd_hdac_calc_stream_format(runtime->rate,
-						runtime->channels,
-						runtime->format,
-						hinfo->maxbps,
-						ctls);
+	bps = snd_hdac_stream_format_bps(runtime->format, SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_STD, hinfo->maxbps);
+
+	format_val = snd_hdac_spdif_stream_format(runtime->channels, bps, runtime->rate, ctls);
 	if (!format_val) {
 		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
 			"invalid format_val, rate=%d, ch=%d, format=%d\n",
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/patch_ca0132.c b/sound/pci/hda/patch_ca0132.c
index 748a3c40966e97..aa312441604f8c 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/patch_ca0132.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/patch_ca0132.c
@@ -3022,8 +3022,7 @@ static int dma_convert_to_hda_format(struct hda_codec *codec,
 {
 	unsigned int format_val;
 
-	format_val = snd_hdac_calc_stream_format(sample_rate,
-				channels, SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S32_LE, 32, 0);
+	format_val = snd_hdac_stream_format(channels, 32, sample_rate);
 
 	if (hda_format)
 		*hda_format = (unsigned short)format_val;
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/patch_hdmi.c b/sound/pci/hda/patch_hdmi.c
index 1cde2a69bdb4ba..dff2d72219829e 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/patch_hdmi.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/patch_hdmi.c
@@ -1655,7 +1655,6 @@ static void hdmi_present_sense_via_verbs(struct hdmi_spec_per_pin *per_pin,
 
 #define I915_SILENT_RATE		48000
 #define I915_SILENT_CHANNELS		2
-#define I915_SILENT_FORMAT		SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S16_LE
 #define I915_SILENT_FORMAT_BITS	16
 #define I915_SILENT_FMT_MASK		0xf
 
@@ -1668,8 +1667,8 @@ static void silent_stream_enable_i915(struct hda_codec *codec,
 				 per_pin->dev_id, I915_SILENT_RATE);
 
 	/* trigger silent stream generation in hw */
-	format = snd_hdac_calc_stream_format(I915_SILENT_RATE, I915_SILENT_CHANNELS,
-					     I915_SILENT_FORMAT, I915_SILENT_FORMAT_BITS, 0);
+	format = snd_hdac_stream_format(I915_SILENT_CHANNELS, I915_SILENT_FORMAT_BITS,
+					I915_SILENT_RATE);
 	snd_hda_codec_setup_stream(codec, per_pin->cvt_nid,
 				   I915_SILENT_FMT_MASK, I915_SILENT_FMT_MASK, format);
 	usleep_range(100, 200);
@@ -1977,6 +1976,7 @@ static int hdmi_add_cvt(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t cvt_nid)
 	err = snd_hda_query_supported_pcm(codec, cvt_nid,
 					  &per_cvt->rates,
 					  &per_cvt->formats,
+					  NULL,
 					  &per_cvt->maxbps);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/hda-dai.c b/sound/soc/codecs/hda-dai.c
index 5371ff08626180..20b070c66c6f6a 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/hda-dai.c
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/hda-dai.c
@@ -76,13 +76,15 @@ static int hda_codec_dai_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, struct snd
 	struct hdac_stream *stream;
 	struct hda_codec *codec;
 	unsigned int format;
+	unsigned int bps;
 	int ret;
 
 	codec = dev_to_hda_codec(dai->dev);
 	stream = substream->runtime->private_data;
 	stream_info = snd_soc_dai_get_dma_data(dai, substream);
-	format = snd_hdac_calc_stream_format(runtime->rate, runtime->channels, runtime->format,
-					     runtime->sample_bits, 0);
+
+	bps = snd_hdac_stream_format_bps(runtime->format, runtime->subformat, stream_info->maxbps);
+	format = snd_hdac_stream_format(runtime->channels, bps, runtime->rate);
 
 	ret = snd_hda_codec_prepare(codec, stream_info, stream->stream_tag, format, substream);
 	if (ret < 0) {
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/hda.c b/sound/soc/codecs/hda.c
index d57b043d6bfefe..d2117e36ddd107 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/hda.c
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/hda.c
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ static int hda_codec_create_dais(struct hda_codec *codec, int pcm_count,
 		stream->channels_max = pcm->stream[dir].channels_max;
 		stream->rates = pcm->stream[dir].rates;
 		stream->formats = pcm->stream[dir].formats;
+		stream->subformats = pcm->stream[dir].subformats;
 		stream->sig_bits = pcm->stream[dir].maxbps;
 
 capture_dais:
@@ -71,6 +72,7 @@ static int hda_codec_create_dais(struct hda_codec *codec, int pcm_count,
 		stream->channels_max = pcm->stream[dir].channels_max;
 		stream->rates = pcm->stream[dir].rates;
 		stream->formats = pcm->stream[dir].formats;
+		stream->subformats = pcm->stream[dir].subformats;
 		stream->sig_bits = pcm->stream[dir].maxbps;
 	}
 
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/hdac_hda.c b/sound/soc/codecs/hdac_hda.c
index b025b5edc7c2d5..e1d790010f4329 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/hdac_hda.c
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/hdac_hda.c
@@ -215,18 +215,16 @@ static int hdac_hda_dai_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 	struct hdac_hda_priv *hda_pvt;
 	unsigned int format_val;
 	unsigned int maxbps;
+	unsigned int bps;
 
 	if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK)
 		maxbps = dai->driver->playback.sig_bits;
 	else
 		maxbps = dai->driver->capture.sig_bits;
+	bps = snd_hdac_stream_format_bps(params_format(params), SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_STD, maxbps);
 
 	hda_pvt = snd_soc_component_get_drvdata(component);
-	format_val = snd_hdac_calc_stream_format(params_rate(params),
-						 params_channels(params),
-						 params_format(params),
-						 maxbps,
-						 0);
+	format_val = snd_hdac_stream_format(params_channels(params), bps, params_rate(params));
 	if (!format_val) {
 		dev_err(dai->dev,
 			"invalid format_val, rate=%d, ch=%d, format=%d, maxbps=%d\n",
diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/hdac_hdmi.c b/sound/soc/codecs/hdac_hdmi.c
index 8b6b7602969488..44837462dcd3a6 100644
--- a/sound/soc/codecs/hdac_hdmi.c
+++ b/sound/soc/codecs/hdac_hdmi.c
@@ -468,13 +468,14 @@ static int hdac_hdmi_set_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 	struct hdac_hdmi_priv *hdmi = snd_soc_dai_get_drvdata(dai);
 	struct hdac_hdmi_dai_port_map *dai_map;
 	struct hdac_hdmi_pcm *pcm;
+	unsigned int bps;
 	int format;
 
 	dai_map = &hdmi->dai_map[dai->id];
 
-	format = snd_hdac_calc_stream_format(params_rate(hparams),
-			params_channels(hparams), params_format(hparams),
-			dai->driver->playback.sig_bits, 0);
+	bps = snd_hdac_stream_format_bps(params_format(hparams), SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_STD,
+					 dai->driver->playback.sig_bits);
+	format = snd_hdac_stream_format(params_channels(hparams), bps, params_rate(hparams));
 
 	pcm = hdac_hdmi_get_pcm_from_cvt(hdmi, dai_map->cvt);
 	if (!pcm)
@@ -670,6 +671,7 @@ hdac_hdmi_query_cvt_params(struct hdac_device *hdev, struct hdac_hdmi_cvt *cvt)
 	err = snd_hdac_query_supported_pcm(hdev, cvt->nid,
 			&cvt->params.rates,
 			&cvt->params.formats,
+			NULL,
 			&cvt->params.maxbps);
 	if (err < 0)
 		dev_err(&hdev->dev,
@@ -1577,7 +1579,7 @@ static int hdac_hdmi_create_dais(struct hdac_device *hdev,
 
 	list_for_each_entry(cvt, &hdmi->cvt_list, head) {
 		ret = snd_hdac_query_supported_pcm(hdev, cvt->nid,
-					&rates,	&formats, &bps);
+					&rates,	&formats, NULL, &bps);
 		if (ret)
 			return ret;
 
diff --git a/sound/soc/intel/avs/loader.c b/sound/soc/intel/avs/loader.c
index 56bb0a59249d54..2e3dd3d86b16f7 100644
--- a/sound/soc/intel/avs/loader.c
+++ b/sound/soc/intel/avs/loader.c
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ int avs_hda_load_basefw(struct avs_dev *adev, struct firmware *fw)
 	hstream = hdac_stream(estream);
 
 	/* code loading performed with default format */
-	sdfmt = snd_hdac_calc_stream_format(48000, 1, SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S32_LE, 32, 0);
+	sdfmt = snd_hdac_stream_format(1, 32, 48000);
 	ret = snd_hdac_dsp_prepare(hstream, sdfmt, fw->size, &dmab);
 	if (ret < 0)
 		goto release_stream;
@@ -438,7 +438,7 @@ int avs_hda_load_library(struct avs_dev *adev, struct firmware *lib, u32 id)
 	stream = hdac_stream(estream);
 
 	/* code loading performed with default format */
-	sdfmt = snd_hdac_calc_stream_format(48000, 1, SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S32_LE, 32, 0);
+	sdfmt = snd_hdac_stream_format(1, 32, 48000);
 	ret = snd_hdac_dsp_prepare(stream, sdfmt, lib->size, &dmab);
 	if (ret < 0)
 		goto release_stream;
diff --git a/sound/soc/intel/avs/path.c b/sound/soc/intel/avs/path.c
index adbe23a47847b7..be9e455ee0a20d 100644
--- a/sound/soc/intel/avs/path.c
+++ b/sound/soc/intel/avs/path.c
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ static bool avs_test_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
 	return (params_rate(params) == fmt->sampling_freq &&
 		params_channels(params) == fmt->num_channels &&
 		params_physical_width(params) == fmt->bit_depth &&
-		params_width(params) == fmt->valid_bit_depth);
+		snd_pcm_hw_params_bps(params) == fmt->valid_bit_depth);
 }
 
 static struct avs_tplg_path *
diff --git a/sound/soc/intel/avs/pcm.c b/sound/soc/intel/avs/pcm.c
index 1fbb2c2fadb553..895eba3db6f016 100644
--- a/sound/soc/intel/avs/pcm.c
+++ b/sound/soc/intel/avs/pcm.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #include "avs.h"
 #include "path.h"
 #include "topology.h"
+#include "../../codecs/hda.h"
 
 struct avs_dma_data {
 	struct avs_tplg_path_template *template;
@@ -335,20 +336,25 @@ static int avs_dai_hda_be_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, struct sn
 {
 	struct snd_soc_pcm_runtime *rtd = asoc_substream_to_rtd(substream);
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
-	struct hdac_ext_stream *link_stream = runtime->private_data;
+	struct snd_soc_pcm_stream *stream_info;
+	struct hdac_ext_stream *link_stream;
 	struct hdac_ext_link *link;
 	struct hda_codec *codec;
 	struct hdac_bus *bus;
 	unsigned int format_val;
+	unsigned int bps;
 	int ret;
 
+	link_stream = runtime->private_data;
 	if (link_stream->link_prepared)
 		return 0;
 
 	codec = dev_to_hda_codec(asoc_rtd_to_codec(rtd, 0)->dev);
 	bus = &codec->bus->core;
-	format_val = snd_hdac_calc_stream_format(runtime->rate, runtime->channels, runtime->format,
-						 runtime->sample_bits, 0);
+	stream_info = snd_soc_dai_get_pcm_stream(dai, substream->stream);
+	bps = snd_hdac_stream_format_bps(runtime->format, runtime->subformat,
+					 stream_info->sig_bits);
+	format_val = snd_hdac_stream_format(runtime->channels, bps, runtime->rate);
 
 	snd_hdac_ext_stream_decouple(bus, link_stream, true);
 	snd_hdac_ext_stream_reset(link_stream);
@@ -601,11 +607,13 @@ static int avs_dai_fe_hw_free(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, struct snd_so
 static int avs_dai_fe_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, struct snd_soc_dai *dai)
 {
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_soc_pcm_stream *stream_info;
 	struct avs_dma_data *data;
 	struct avs_dev *adev = to_avs_dev(dai->dev);
 	struct hdac_ext_stream *host_stream;
 	struct hdac_bus *bus;
 	unsigned int format_val;
+	unsigned int bps;
 	int ret;
 
 	data = snd_soc_dai_get_dma_data(dai, substream);
@@ -618,8 +626,10 @@ static int avs_dai_fe_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, struct snd_so
 	snd_hdac_ext_stream_decouple(bus, data->host_stream, true);
 	snd_hdac_stream_reset(hdac_stream(host_stream));
 
-	format_val = snd_hdac_calc_stream_format(runtime->rate, runtime->channels, runtime->format,
-						 runtime->sample_bits, 0);
+	stream_info = snd_soc_dai_get_pcm_stream(dai, substream->stream);
+	bps = snd_hdac_stream_format_bps(runtime->format, runtime->subformat,
+					 stream_info->sig_bits);
+	format_val = snd_hdac_stream_format(runtime->channels, bps, runtime->rate);
 
 	ret = snd_hdac_stream_set_params(hdac_stream(host_stream), format_val);
 	if (ret < 0)
@@ -1046,8 +1056,10 @@ static const struct snd_pcm_hardware avs_pcm_hardware = {
 				  SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME |
 				  SNDRV_PCM_INFO_NO_PERIOD_WAKEUP,
 	.formats		= SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE |
-				  SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S24_LE |
 				  SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE,
+	.subformats		= SNDRV_PCM_SUBFMTBIT_MSBITS_20 |
+				  SNDRV_PCM_SUBFMTBIT_MSBITS_24 |
+				  SNDRV_PCM_SUBFMTBIT_MSBITS_32,
 	.buffer_bytes_max	= AZX_MAX_BUF_SIZE,
 	.period_bytes_min	= 128,
 	.period_bytes_max	= AZX_MAX_BUF_SIZE / 2,
@@ -1277,16 +1289,20 @@ static const struct snd_soc_dai_driver hda_cpu_dai = {
 		.channels_max	= 8,
 		.rates		= SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_192000,
 		.formats	= SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE |
-				  SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S24_LE |
 				  SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE,
+		.subformats	= SNDRV_PCM_SUBFMTBIT_MSBITS_20 |
+				  SNDRV_PCM_SUBFMTBIT_MSBITS_24 |
+				  SNDRV_PCM_SUBFMTBIT_MSBITS_32,
 	},
 	.capture = {
 		.channels_min	= 1,
 		.channels_max	= 8,
 		.rates		= SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_192000,
 		.formats	= SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE |
-				  SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S24_LE |
 				  SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE,
+		.subformats	= SNDRV_PCM_SUBFMTBIT_MSBITS_20 |
+				  SNDRV_PCM_SUBFMTBIT_MSBITS_24 |
+				  SNDRV_PCM_SUBFMTBIT_MSBITS_32,
 	},
 };
 
@@ -1363,6 +1379,15 @@ static int avs_component_hda_probe(struct snd_soc_component *component)
 				ret = -ENOMEM;
 				goto exit;
 			}
+
+			if (!hda_codec_is_display(codec)) {
+				dais[i].playback.formats = pcm->stream[0].formats;
+				dais[i].playback.subformats = pcm->stream[0].subformats;
+				dais[i].playback.rates = pcm->stream[0].rates;
+				dais[i].playback.channels_min = pcm->stream[0].channels_min;
+				dais[i].playback.channels_max = pcm->stream[0].channels_max;
+				dais[i].playback.sig_bits = pcm->stream[0].maxbps;
+			}
 		}
 
 		if (pcm->stream[1].substreams) {
@@ -1373,6 +1398,15 @@ static int avs_component_hda_probe(struct snd_soc_component *component)
 				ret = -ENOMEM;
 				goto exit;
 			}
+
+			if (!hda_codec_is_display(codec)) {
+				dais[i].capture.formats = pcm->stream[1].formats;
+				dais[i].capture.subformats = pcm->stream[1].subformats;
+				dais[i].capture.rates = pcm->stream[1].rates;
+				dais[i].capture.channels_min = pcm->stream[1].channels_min;
+				dais[i].capture.channels_max = pcm->stream[1].channels_max;
+				dais[i].capture.sig_bits = pcm->stream[1].maxbps;
+			}
 		}
 
 		dai = snd_soc_register_dai(component, &dais[i], false);
diff --git a/sound/soc/intel/avs/probes.c b/sound/soc/intel/avs/probes.c
index 275928281c6c63..1e67b6549be7db 100644
--- a/sound/soc/intel/avs/probes.c
+++ b/sound/soc/intel/avs/probes.c
@@ -140,8 +140,7 @@ static int avs_probe_compr_set_params(struct snd_compr_stream *cstream,
 	bps = snd_pcm_format_physical_width(format);
 	if (bps < 0)
 		return bps;
-	format_val = snd_hdac_calc_stream_format(params->codec.sample_rate, params->codec.ch_out,
-						 format, bps, 0);
+	format_val = snd_hdac_stream_format(params->codec.ch_out, bps, params->codec.sample_rate);
 	ret = snd_hdac_stream_set_params(hdac_stream(host_stream), format_val);
 	if (ret < 0)
 		return ret;
diff --git a/sound/soc/intel/avs/topology.c b/sound/soc/intel/avs/topology.c
index 45d0eb2a8e7105..3dab3c3efe3b1e 100644
--- a/sound/soc/intel/avs/topology.c
+++ b/sound/soc/intel/avs/topology.c
@@ -1456,8 +1456,15 @@ static int avs_dai_load(struct snd_soc_component *comp, int index,
 			struct snd_soc_dai_driver *dai_drv, struct snd_soc_tplg_pcm *pcm,
 			struct snd_soc_dai *dai)
 {
-	if (pcm)
+	u64 subformats = SNDRV_PCM_SUBFMTBIT_MSBITS_20 |
+			 SNDRV_PCM_SUBFMTBIT_MSBITS_24;
+
+	if (pcm) {
 		dai_drv->ops = &avs_dai_fe_ops;
+		dai_drv->capture.subformats |= subformats;
+		dai_drv->playback.subformats |= subformats;
+	}
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/sound/soc/intel/skylake/skl-pcm.c b/sound/soc/intel/skylake/skl-pcm.c
index ac3dc8c63c260d..4613a133581925 100644
--- a/sound/soc/intel/skylake/skl-pcm.c
+++ b/sound/soc/intel/skylake/skl-pcm.c
@@ -128,6 +128,7 @@ int skl_pcm_host_dma_prepare(struct device *dev, struct skl_pipe_params *params)
 	unsigned int format_val;
 	struct hdac_stream *hstream;
 	struct hdac_ext_stream *stream;
+	unsigned int bps;
 	int err;
 
 	hstream = snd_hdac_get_stream(bus, params->stream,
@@ -138,8 +139,8 @@ int skl_pcm_host_dma_prepare(struct device *dev, struct skl_pipe_params *params)
 	stream = stream_to_hdac_ext_stream(hstream);
 	snd_hdac_ext_stream_decouple(bus, stream, true);
 
-	format_val = snd_hdac_calc_stream_format(params->s_freq,
-			params->ch, params->format, params->host_bps, 0);
+	bps = snd_hdac_stream_format_bps(params->format, SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_STD, params->host_bps);
+	format_val = snd_hdac_stream_format(params->ch, bps, params->s_freq);
 
 	dev_dbg(dev, "format_val=%d, rate=%d, ch=%d, format=%d\n",
 		format_val, params->s_freq, params->ch, params->format);
@@ -177,6 +178,7 @@ int skl_pcm_link_dma_prepare(struct device *dev, struct skl_pipe_params *params)
 	struct hdac_ext_stream *stream;
 	struct hdac_ext_link *link;
 	unsigned char stream_tag;
+	unsigned int bps;
 
 	hstream = snd_hdac_get_stream(bus, params->stream,
 					params->link_dma_id + 1);
@@ -185,8 +187,9 @@ int skl_pcm_link_dma_prepare(struct device *dev, struct skl_pipe_params *params)
 
 	stream = stream_to_hdac_ext_stream(hstream);
 	snd_hdac_ext_stream_decouple(bus, stream, true);
-	format_val = snd_hdac_calc_stream_format(params->s_freq, params->ch,
-					params->format, params->link_bps, 0);
+
+	bps = snd_hdac_stream_format_bps(params->format, SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_STD, params->link_bps);
+	format_val = snd_hdac_stream_format(params->ch, bps, params->s_freq);
 
 	dev_dbg(dev, "format_val=%d, rate=%d, ch=%d, format=%d\n",
 		format_val, params->s_freq, params->ch, params->format);
diff --git a/sound/soc/soc-pcm.c b/sound/soc/soc-pcm.c
index 3aa6b988cb4b49..bceb90f0198d3d 100644
--- a/sound/soc/soc-pcm.c
+++ b/sound/soc/soc-pcm.c
@@ -526,6 +526,7 @@ static void soc_pcm_hw_init(struct snd_pcm_hardware *hw)
 	hw->channels_min	= 0;
 	hw->channels_max	= UINT_MAX;
 	hw->formats		= ULLONG_MAX;
+	hw->subformats		= ULLONG_MAX;
 }
 
 static void soc_pcm_hw_update_rate(struct snd_pcm_hardware *hw,
@@ -554,6 +555,12 @@ static void soc_pcm_hw_update_format(struct snd_pcm_hardware *hw,
 	hw->formats &= p->formats;
 }
 
+static void soc_pcm_hw_update_subformat(struct snd_pcm_hardware *hw,
+					struct snd_soc_pcm_stream *p)
+{
+	hw->subformats &= p->subformats;
+}
+
 /**
  * snd_soc_runtime_calc_hw() - Calculate hw limits for a PCM stream
  * @rtd: ASoC PCM runtime
@@ -592,6 +599,7 @@ int snd_soc_runtime_calc_hw(struct snd_soc_pcm_runtime *rtd,
 		soc_pcm_hw_update_chan(hw, cpu_stream);
 		soc_pcm_hw_update_rate(hw, cpu_stream);
 		soc_pcm_hw_update_format(hw, cpu_stream);
+		soc_pcm_hw_update_subformat(hw, cpu_stream);
 	}
 	cpu_chan_min = hw->channels_min;
 	cpu_chan_max = hw->channels_max;
@@ -613,6 +621,7 @@ int snd_soc_runtime_calc_hw(struct snd_soc_pcm_runtime *rtd,
 		soc_pcm_hw_update_chan(hw, codec_stream);
 		soc_pcm_hw_update_rate(hw, codec_stream);
 		soc_pcm_hw_update_format(hw, codec_stream);
+		soc_pcm_hw_update_subformat(hw, codec_stream);
 	}
 
 	/* Verify both a valid CPU DAI and a valid CODEC DAI were found */
@@ -637,6 +646,7 @@ static void soc_pcm_init_runtime_hw(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
 	struct snd_pcm_hardware *hw = &substream->runtime->hw;
 	struct snd_soc_pcm_runtime *rtd = asoc_substream_to_rtd(substream);
+	u64 subformats = hw->subformats;
 	u64 formats = hw->formats;
 
 	/*
@@ -648,6 +658,8 @@ static void soc_pcm_init_runtime_hw(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 
 	if (formats)
 		hw->formats &= formats;
+	if (subformats)
+		hw->subformats &= subformats;
 }
 
 static int soc_pcm_components_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
@@ -1676,6 +1688,7 @@ static void dpcm_runtime_setup_fe(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 	struct snd_pcm_hardware *hw = &runtime->hw;
 	struct snd_soc_dai *dai;
 	int stream = substream->stream;
+	u64 subformats = hw->subformats;
 	u64 formats = hw->formats;
 	int i;
 
@@ -1683,6 +1696,8 @@ static void dpcm_runtime_setup_fe(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 
 	if (formats)
 		hw->formats &= formats;
+	if (subformats)
+		hw->subformats &= subformats;
 
 	for_each_rtd_cpu_dais(fe, i, dai) {
 		struct snd_soc_pcm_stream *cpu_stream;
@@ -1699,6 +1714,7 @@ static void dpcm_runtime_setup_fe(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 		soc_pcm_hw_update_rate(hw, cpu_stream);
 		soc_pcm_hw_update_chan(hw, cpu_stream);
 		soc_pcm_hw_update_format(hw, cpu_stream);
+		soc_pcm_hw_update_subformat(hw, cpu_stream);
 	}
 
 }
@@ -1736,6 +1752,7 @@ static void dpcm_runtime_setup_be_format(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 			codec_stream = snd_soc_dai_get_pcm_stream(dai, stream);
 
 			soc_pcm_hw_update_format(hw, codec_stream);
+			soc_pcm_hw_update_subformat(hw, codec_stream);
 		}
 	}
 }
diff --git a/sound/soc/sof/intel/hda-dai-ops.c b/sound/soc/sof/intel/hda-dai-ops.c
index 012a75f366ab4c..51275d50a6a478 100644
--- a/sound/soc/sof/intel/hda-dai-ops.c
+++ b/sound/soc/sof/intel/hda-dai-ops.c
@@ -213,9 +213,10 @@ static unsigned int hda_calc_stream_format(struct snd_sof_dev *sdev,
 		link_bps = codec_dai->driver->playback.sig_bits;
 	else
 		link_bps = codec_dai->driver->capture.sig_bits;
+	link_bps = snd_hdac_stream_format_bps(params_format(params), SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_STD,
+					      link_bps);
 
-	format_val = snd_hdac_calc_stream_format(params_rate(params), params_channels(params),
-						 params_format(params), link_bps, 0);
+	format_val = snd_hdac_stream_format(params_channels(params), link_bps, params_rate(params));
 
 	dev_dbg(sdev->dev, "format_val=%#x, rate=%d, ch=%d, format=%d\n", format_val,
 		params_rate(params), params_channels(params), params_format(params));
@@ -238,11 +239,11 @@ static unsigned int generic_calc_stream_format(struct snd_sof_dev *sdev,
 					       struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params)
 {
 	unsigned int format_val;
+	unsigned int bps;
 
-	format_val = snd_hdac_calc_stream_format(params_rate(params), params_channels(params),
-						 params_format(params),
-						 params_physical_width(params),
-						 0);
+	bps = snd_hdac_stream_format_bps(params_format(params), SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_STD,
+					 params_physical_width(params));
+	format_val = snd_hdac_stream_format(params_channels(params), bps, params_rate(params));
 
 	dev_dbg(sdev->dev, "format_val=%#x, rate=%d, ch=%d, format=%d\n", format_val,
 		params_rate(params), params_channels(params), params_format(params));
@@ -258,6 +259,7 @@ static unsigned int dmic_calc_stream_format(struct snd_sof_dev *sdev,
 	snd_pcm_format_t format;
 	unsigned int channels;
 	unsigned int width;
+	unsigned int bps;
 
 	channels = params_channels(params);
 	format = params_format(params);
@@ -269,10 +271,8 @@ static unsigned int dmic_calc_stream_format(struct snd_sof_dev *sdev,
 		width = 32;
 	}
 
-	format_val = snd_hdac_calc_stream_format(params_rate(params), channels,
-						 format,
-						 width,
-						 0);
+	bps = snd_hdac_stream_format_bps(format, SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_STD, width);
+	format_val = snd_hdac_stream_format(channels, bps, params_rate(params));
 
 	dev_dbg(sdev->dev, "format_val=%#x, rate=%d, ch=%d, format=%d\n", format_val,
 		params_rate(params), channels, format);
diff --git a/tools/include/uapi/sound/asound.h b/tools/include/uapi/sound/asound.h
index f9939da4112272..30a43541ed003f 100644
--- a/tools/include/uapi/sound/asound.h
+++ b/tools/include/uapi/sound/asound.h
@@ -267,7 +267,10 @@ typedef int __bitwise snd_pcm_format_t;
 
 typedef int __bitwise snd_pcm_subformat_t;
 #define	SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_STD		((__force snd_pcm_subformat_t) 0)
-#define	SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_LAST	SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_STD
+#define	SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_MSBITS_20	((__force snd_pcm_subformat_t) 1)
+#define	SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_MSBITS_24	((__force snd_pcm_subformat_t) 2)
+#define	SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_MSBITS_32	((__force snd_pcm_subformat_t) 3)
+#define	SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_LAST	SNDRV_PCM_SUBFORMAT_MSBITS_32
 
 #define SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP		0x00000001	/* hardware supports mmap */
 #define SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID	0x00000002	/* period data are valid during transfer */