diff --git a/ext/json/ext/parser/parser.c b/ext/json/ext/parser/parser.c
index c912a8ee..617e025a 100644
--- a/ext/json/ext/parser/parser.c
+++ b/ext/json/ext/parser/parser.c
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 static VALUE mJSON, eNestingError, eParserError, Encoding_UTF_8;
 static VALUE CNaN, CInfinity, CMinusInfinity, JSON_empty_string;
 
-static ID i_new, i_try_convert, i_encode, i_at_line, i_at_column, i_at_json_path;
+static ID i_new, i_try_convert, i_encode, i_convert, i_finish, i_at_line, i_at_column, i_at_json_path;
 #ifndef HAVE_RB_STR_TO_INTERNED_STR
 static ID i_uminus;
 #endif
@@ -2254,6 +2254,8 @@ typedef struct JSON_ResumableParserStruct {
     rvalue_stack value_stack;
     json_frame_stack frames;
     VALUE buffer;
+    VALUE converter;
+    int source_encindex;
     size_t parsed_bytes;
     size_t incomplete_bytes;
     bool complete;
@@ -2267,6 +2269,7 @@ static void JSON_ResumableParser_mark(void *ptr)
     rvalue_stack_mark(&parser->value_stack);
     rvalue_cache_mark(&parser->state.name_cache);
     rb_gc_mark(parser->buffer); // pin the buffer
+    rb_gc_mark_movable(parser->converter);
     rb_gc_mark_movable(parser->state.parser);
 }
 
@@ -2302,6 +2305,7 @@ static void JSON_ResumableParser_compact(void *ptr)
     rvalue_stack_compact(&parser->value_stack);
     rvalue_cache_compact(&parser->state.name_cache);
     parser->buffer = rb_gc_location(parser->buffer);
+    parser->converter = rb_gc_location(parser->converter);
     parser->state.parser = rb_gc_location(parser->state.parser);
 }
 
@@ -2406,10 +2410,39 @@ static VALUE cResumableParser_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 
 static JSON_ResumableParser *ResumableParser_acquire(VALUE self, bool lock);
 
+static VALUE resumable_convert_encoding(JSON_ResumableParser *parser, VALUE str)
+{
+    StringValue(str);
+    if (!RSTRING_LEN(str)) {
+        return str;
+    }
+    int encindex = RB_ENCODING_GET(str);
+
+    if (parser->converter && parser->source_encindex != encindex) {
+        // Reject an incomplete sequence before switching encodings.
+        rb_funcall(parser->converter, i_finish, 0);
+        parser->converter = Qfalse;
+    }
+
+    if (encindex == utf8_encindex || encindex == binary_encindex) {
+        return convert_encoding(str);
+    }
+
+    if (!parser->converter) {
+        VALUE klass = rb_const_get(rb_cEncoding, rb_intern("Converter"));
+        VALUE encoding = rb_enc_from_encoding(rb_enc_from_index(encindex));
+        parser->converter = rb_funcall(klass, i_new, 2, encoding, Encoding_UTF_8);
+        parser->source_encindex = encindex;
+    }
+    return rb_funcall(parser->converter, i_convert, 1, str);
+}
+
 /*
  * call-seq: self << string -> self
  *
  * Appends the given string to the parser's buffer.
+ * Non-UTF-8 input is converted incrementally, retaining incomplete characters
+ * between calls. Calling #clear also resets the encoding converter.
  */
 static VALUE cResumableParser_feed(VALUE self, VALUE str)
 {
@@ -2417,7 +2450,7 @@ static VALUE cResumableParser_feed(VALUE self, VALUE str)
 
     JSON_ResumableParser *parser = ResumableParser_acquire(self, false);
 
-    str = convert_encoding(str);
+    str = resumable_convert_encoding(parser, str);
     if (!RSTRING_LEN(str)) {
         return self;
     }
@@ -2636,6 +2669,7 @@ static VALUE cResumableParser_clear(VALUE self)
 {
     JSON_ResumableParser *parser = ResumableParser_acquire(self, false);
     parser->buffer = 0;
+    parser->converter = Qfalse;
     parser->complete = true;
     parser->parsed_bytes = 0;
     parser->incomplete_bytes = 0;
@@ -2908,6 +2942,8 @@ void Init_parser(void)
     i_uminus = rb_intern("-@");
 #endif
     i_encode = rb_intern("encode");
+    i_convert = rb_intern("convert");
+    i_finish = rb_intern("finish");
     i_at_line = rb_intern("@line");
     i_at_column = rb_intern("@column");
     i_at_json_path = rb_intern("@json_path");
diff --git a/test/json/resumable_parser_test.rb b/test/json/resumable_parser_test.rb
index a704e9ed..8b1cb9d9 100644
--- a/test/json/resumable_parser_test.rb
+++ b/test/json/resumable_parser_test.rb
@@ -416,6 +416,58 @@ def test_feed_frozen_multibyte_chunks
     assert_equal Encoding::UTF_8, value["message"].encoding
   end
 
+  def test_feed_non_utf8_chunks
+    ["UTF-16", "UTF-16LE", "UTF-16BE", "UTF-32", "UTF-32LE", "UTF-32BE", "Shift_JIS", "ISO-2022-JP"].each do |encoding|
+      expected = encoding.start_with?("UTF") ? ["日本🌌"] : ["日本"]
+      json = JSON.generate(expected).encode(encoding).b
+      chunk_size = 1
+      if RUBY_ENGINE == "truffleruby" && encoding.start_with?("UTF")
+        # TruffleRuby requires UTF-16/32 string sizes to be code-unit aligned.
+        chunk_size = encoding.start_with?("UTF-32") ? 4 : 2
+      end
+      parser = new_parser
+      (0...json.bytesize).step(chunk_size) do |offset|
+        chunk = json.byteslice(offset, chunk_size).force_encoding(encoding).freeze
+        parser << chunk
+        parser << ''
+        assert_equal offset + chunk_size == json.bytesize, parser.parse, encoding
+      end
+      assert_equal expected, parser.value, encoding
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_clear_resets_input_encoding
+    @parser << "\x00\xD8".dup.force_encoding("UTF-16LE")
+    refute @parser.parse
+    @parser.clear
+    @parser << '["語"]'.encode("UTF-16BE")
+    assert @parser.parse
+    assert_equal ["語"], @parser.value
+  end
+
+  def test_feed_different_encodings
+    @parser << '["日",'.encode("UTF-16LE")
+    @parser << '"本",'.encode("UTF-16BE")
+    @parser << '"語"]'
+    assert @parser.parse
+    assert_equal ["日", "本", "語"], @parser.value
+  end
+
+  def test_feed_invalid_non_utf8_sequence
+    @parser << '["'.encode("UTF-16LE")
+    @parser << "\x00\xD8".dup.force_encoding("UTF-16LE")
+    assert_raise(Encoding::InvalidByteSequenceError) do
+      @parser << 'x'.encode("UTF-16LE")
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_feed_different_encoding_with_incomplete_sequence
+    @parser << "\x00\xD8".dup.force_encoding("UTF-16LE")
+    assert_raise(Encoding::InvalidByteSequenceError) do
+      @parser << '[]'
+    end
+  end
+
   def test_eos
     assert_predicate @parser, :eos?