diff --git a/tests/test_domain.py b/tests/test_domain.py
index 1766212..d606ad7 100644
--- a/tests/test_domain.py
+++ b/tests/test_domain.py
@@ -110,3 +110,60 @@ def test_returns_failed_validation_invalid_top_level_domain(
         domain(value, consider_tld=consider_tld, rfc_1034=rfc_1034, rfc_2782=rfc_2782),
         ValidationError,
     )
+
+
+def _name_of_length(length: int):
+    """Build a dotted name of exactly `length` characters, ending with `.com`."""
+    labels: list[str] = []
+    remaining = length - len(".com")
+    while remaining > 0:
+        size = min(61, remaining)
+        if remaining - size == 1:  # avoid leaving a lone "." behind
+            size -= 1
+        labels.append("a" * size)
+        remaining -= size + 1
+    name = ".".join(labels) + ".com"
+    assert len(name) == length
+    return name
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "value",
+    [
+        # total length: at most 253 characters (RFC 1035)
+        _name_of_length(253),
+        # label length: at most 63 characters (RFC 1035)
+        "a" * 63 + ".com",
+        # a label may start with a digit (RFC 1123)
+        "1host.example.com",
+        # the limit is in octets of the encoded name, not characters: 189 characters
+        # here, but 225 octets once IDNA-encoded
+        ".".join(["ü" * 30] * 6) + ".com",
+    ],
+)
+def test_returns_true_on_domain_within_rfc_length_limits(value: str):
+    """Test returns true on domain within RFC length limits."""
+    assert domain(value)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "value",
+    [
+        _name_of_length(254),
+        _name_of_length(255),
+        # many short, dot-separated labels that exceed 253 characters; see #413
+        ".".join(["kld8MXQh6YalMqKRbfs895gMjW5T4p2EwToPoCSThPHHbXgmXc"] * 4)
+        + ".kld8MXQh6YalMqKRbfs895gMjW5T4p2EwToPoCSThPHHbXgmXcab",
+        "a" * 64 + ".com",
+        # fewer than 253 characters (220), but 262 octets once IDNA-encoded
+        ".".join(["ü" * 30] * 7) + ".com",
+        # the example from #407 (261 characters)
+        "www." + ".".join(["abcdefghijklmnop"] * 15) + ".fr",
+        # a label must not start or end with a hyphen
+        "-host.example.com",
+        "host-.example.com",
+    ],
+)
+def test_returns_failed_validation_on_domain_beyond_rfc_limits(value: str):
+    """Test returns failed validation on domain beyond RFC limits."""
+    assert isinstance(domain(value), ValidationError)
diff --git a/tests/test_hostname.py b/tests/test_hostname.py
index b28e804..1fe2468 100644
--- a/tests/test_hostname.py
+++ b/tests/test_hostname.py
@@ -70,3 +70,42 @@ def test_returns_true_on_valid_hostname(value: str, rfc_1034: bool, rfc_2782: bo
 def test_returns_failed_validation_on_invalid_hostname(value: str, rfc_1034: bool, rfc_2782: bool):
     """Test returns failed validation on invalid hostname."""
     assert isinstance(hostname(value, rfc_1034=rfc_1034, rfc_2782=rfc_2782), ValidationError)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "value",
+    [
+        # total length: at most 253 characters (RFC 1035)
+        ".".join(["a" * 63, "a" * 63, "a" * 63, "a" * 61]),
+        # label length: at most 63 characters (RFC 1035)
+        "a" * 63 + ".com",
+        # a label may start with a digit (RFC 1123)
+        "1host.example.com",
+        # the limit is in octets of the encoded name, not characters
+        ".".join(["ü" * 30] * 6) + ".com",
+    ],
+)
+def test_returns_true_on_hostname_within_rfc_length_limits(value: str):
+    """Test returns true on hostname within RFC length limits."""
+    assert hostname(value)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "value",
+    [
+        # many short, dot-separated labels that exceed 253 characters; see #413
+        ".".join(["kld8MXQh6YalMqKRbfs895gMjW5T4p2EwToPoCSThPHHbXgmXc"] * 4)
+        + ".kld8MXQh6YalMqKRbfs895gMjW5T4p2EwToPoCSThPHHbXgmXcab",
+        ".".join(["a" * 63, "a" * 63, "a" * 63, "a" * 62]),
+        "a" * 64 + ".com",
+        # fewer than 253 characters (220), but 262 octets once IDNA-encoded
+        ".".join(["ü" * 30] * 7) + ".com",
+        # a label must not start or end with a hyphen, nor contain an underscore
+        "-host.example.com",
+        "host-.example.com",
+        "ho_st.example.com",
+    ],
+)
+def test_returns_failed_validation_on_hostname_beyond_rfc_limits(value: str):
+    """Test returns failed validation on hostname beyond RFC limits."""
+    assert isinstance(hostname(value), ValidationError)